电力系统成套设备是指由壳体、母线、一二次元件、辅材等组成的完整设备，它在电网中扮演着关重要的角色。以下是关于电力系统成套设备的详细解释：

　　Complete equipment of power system is a complete equipment composed of shell, bus, primary and secondary components, auxiliary materials, etc. It plays a vital role in the power grid. The following is a detailed explanation of the complete set of equipment for the power system:

　　一、定义与功能

　　1、 Definition and Function

　　定义：电力系统成套设备是制造厂成套供应的设备，由制造厂预先按照主接线的要求，将每一回路的电气设备高低压电器（包括控制电器、保护电器、测量电器，如断路器、隔离开关、互感器等）以及母线、载流导体、绝缘子等，装配在封闭或半封闭的金属柜中，构成单元电路分柜，此单元电路分柜即为成套配电装置。

　　Definition: A complete set of power system equipment is a set of equipment supplied by a manufacturing plant. The manufacturing plant assembles the high and low voltage electrical equipment (including control devices, protection devices, measuring devices such as circuit breakers, isolating switches, transformers, etc.), busbars, current carrying conductors, insulators, etc. of each circuit in a closed or semi closed metal cabinet according to the requirements of the main wiring in advance, forming a unit circuit cabinet. This unit circuit cabinet is the complete distribution device.

　　功能：

　　Function:

　　接受与分配电能：成套设备在电网中负责接受和分配电能，确保电力供应的稳定性和可靠性。

　　Receiving and distributing electrical energy: The complete set of equipment is responsible for receiving and distributing electrical energy in the power grid, ensuring the stability and reliability of power supply.

　　控制与保护电力设备：通过对电力设备的控制和保护，成套设备能够确保电力系统的运行，防止设备损坏和事故发生。

　　Control and protection of power equipment: By controlling and protecting power equipment, complete sets of equipment can ensure the safe operation of the power system, prevent equipment damage and accidents.

　　二、分类与组成

　　2、 Classification and Composition

　　分类：

　　Category:

　　根据电压等级，电力系统成套设备可分为低压开关柜（如0.4kV、0.69kV、1.2kV等）、中压开关柜（如3.6kV、7.2kV、12kV、24kV等，目前为发展趋势）、高压开关柜（如40.5kV等）。

　　According to voltage levels, complete sets of power system equipment can be divided into low-voltage switchgear (such as 0.4kV, 0.69kV, 1.2kV, etc.), medium voltage switchgear (such as 3.6kV, 7.2kV, 12kV, 24kV, etc., which is currently a development trend), and high-voltage switchgear (such as 40.5kV, etc.).

　　根据用途，还可分为动力箱（柜）、照明箱、控制箱（柜、台）、保护屏、直流屏等多种类型。

　　According to their purposes, they can also be divided into various types such as power boxes (cabinets), lighting boxes, control boxes (cabinets, platforms), protective screens, DC screens, etc.

　　组成：

　　form:

　　一次元件：包括母线、隔离开关（高压）、刀开关（低压）、断路器（空气开关）、电压互感器、电流互感器、电力变压器等，这些元件承载高电压或大电流，是电力系统的核心部分。

　　Primary components: including busbars, isolating switches (high voltage), knife switches (low voltage), circuit breakers (air switches), voltage transformers, current transformers, power transformers, etc. These components carry high voltage or high current and are the core part of the power system.

　　二次元件：包括测量仪表（如电流表、电压表等）、控制信号元件（如信号灯、按钮等）以及继电保护装置等，它们构成了一套完整的监控与控制系统，确保一次系统的可靠运行。

　　Secondary elements: including measuring instruments (such as ammeters, voltmeters, etc.), control signal elements (such as signal lights, buttons, etc.), and relay protection devices, which constitute a complete monitoring and control system to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the primary system.

　　三、结构与特点

　　3、 Structure and Characteristics

　　结构：成套设备的柜体结构多样，包括固定式、移开式（手车式）等。移开式开关柜具有检修方便、恢复供电时间短的优点，其小车上的电器元件可以方便地拉出柜体进行检修或更换。

　　Structure: The cabinet structure of the complete set of equipment is diverse, including fixed and movable (handcart type). The movable switchgear has the advantages of easy maintenance and short power restoration time. The electrical components on the trolley can be easily pulled out of the cabinet for maintenance or replacement.

　　特点：

　　characteristic:

　　智能化：现代成套设备通常配备智能监控和保护系统，能够实时监测电力系统的运行状态并进行故障预警和保护。

　　Intelligence: Modern complete sets of equipment are usually equipped with intelligent monitoring and protection systems, which can monitor the operating status of the power system in real time and provide fault warning and protection.

　　模块化：成套设备采用模块化设计，便于组装和扩展，满足不同规模和需求的电力系统。

　　Modularization: The complete set of equipment adopts modular design, which is easy to assemble and expand, and meets the needs of power systems of different scales and requirements.

　　高可靠性：通过采用高质量的材料和的制造工艺，成套设备具有高可靠性和长寿命。

　　High reliability: By using high-quality materials and advanced manufacturing processes, the complete equipment has high reliability and long lifespan.

　　四、技术参数与防护

　　4、 Technical parameters and safety protection

　　技术参数：包括额定电压、额定绝缘水平、额定频率、额定电流、额定短时耐受电流等，这些参数是评估成套设备性能的重要指标。

　　Technical parameters: including rated voltage, rated insulation level, rated frequency, rated current, rated short-time withstand current, etc. These parameters are important indicators for evaluating the performance of complete equipment.

　　防护：成套设备通常具有五防功能，即防止误分误合断路器、负荷开关、接触器；防止带负荷分、合隔离开关；防止误入带电隔室；防止带电挂接地线；防止带接地线送电。这些功能确保了操作人员的和设备的可靠运行。

　　Safety protection: Complete sets of equipment usually have five prevention functions, which are to prevent accidental opening and closing of circuit breakers, load switches, and contactors; Prevent the opening and closing of isolation switches with load; Prevent accidental entry into electrified compartments; Prevent hanging grounding wires when live; Prevent power transmission with grounding wire. These functions ensure the safety of operators and the reliable operation of equipment.

　　综上所述，电力系统成套设备是电力系统中不可或缺的重要组成部分，具有接受和分配电能、控制与保护电力设备等多种功能。通过了解其分类、组成、结构与特点以及技术参数与防护等方面的知识，可以更好地理解和应用这些设备，确保电力系统的稳定运行。

　　In summary, the complete set of equipment in the power system is an indispensable and important component, with multiple functions such as receiving and distributing electrical energy, controlling and protecting power equipment. By understanding their classification, composition, structure and characteristics, as well as technical parameters and safety protection, one can better understand and apply these devices to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system.

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